Grapevines For Winemaking

Overview

Though grapevines for winemaking and those specifically designed as eating grapes might be very similar, there also are some key differences. The wine grapevine is a very specialized product, with many varieties fine-tuned over the years to work in various climates and produce nuances in flavor. While growing grapes is not that difficult, it takes some planning in order to see good results.

Types

The type of cultivar you choose is very important in the overall winemaking process. Some grapes, such as the Merlot, will produce a red wine. White wines are produced by other grapevines such as the Riesling. Many vineyards, understanding that some people prefer different types of wines, might plant several grape varieties so that they have can provide both red and white wines.

Geography

In addition to choosing whether you want a red or white wine, another important factor is looking at the area in which you live. Fortunately, over the years, grapevines have been cultivated in a way where they are no longer a fair-weather fruit and are considered one of the most versatile plants on the planet. They can be grown in many different climates. Check with a local winery or nursery to determine what grapes grow best in your area.

Effects

When growing grapes for wine, there are many things that can affect production from one year to the next. Pests, including insects, disease and even birds, could all have an impact on the crop. Generally speaking, those in the grape-growing business, whether for commercial or personal use, can expect an average of 1 gallon of wine per grapevine, per year.

Considerations

In order to get the best production possible, it is important to make sure the planting is in the most advantageous location. Wine grapevines should be planted in well-drained soil on a south-facing slope to help get the most sun possible and avoid north winds in the winter. Further, the grapes should be spaced with 6 to 12 feet between the rows and as much as 6 to 8 feet between individual vines on those rows. This helps the grapevines get plenty of sun.

Warning

The most common diseases are those caused by fungi. These include black rot, downy mildew, powdery mildew and many others. These can all be controlled by fungicide if applied early enough. Viruses such as the peach rosette mosaic virus can wreak havoc on plants and often the entire vine must be destroyed in order to prevent the infection of others.